Dr.Ankit Soni, S13539
To enlighten various types, indications and newer preservatives used in ophthalmology. Preservatives are routinely used in ophthalmic solutions for stabilization (killing pathogens that may contaminate) and penetration of the drug. These are mainly composed of BAK (Benzalkonium chloride) which has side effects due to detergent and oxidative phenomenon. Not only ocular surface, it may also affect lens and retina. Newer lesser toxic preservatives are oxychloro-complex, polyquaternium-1, sodium perborate and Sofzia etc. Preservative-free drops and solutions are now increasingly being used for patients with frequent eye drop administration (e.g. Glaucoma), ocular surface disease (Dry eye etc.), contact lens users, known allergy to preservatives and in many intraocular surgeries. Although, use of preservatives in ophthalmic formulations cannot be avoided yet we should determine which preservative induces less toxicity.
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